Holy shit A brief history of swearing

Melissa Mohr

Book - 2013

"Holy Sh*t tells the story of two kinds of swearing--obscenities and oaths--from ancient Rome and the Bible to today. With humor and insight, Melissa Mohr takes readers on a journey to discover how "swearing" has come to include both testifying with your hand on the Bible and calling someone a *#$&!* when they cut you off on the highway. She explores obscenities in ancient Rome--which were remarkably similar to our own--and unearths the history of religious oaths in the Middle Ages, when swearing (or not swearing) an oath was often a matter of life and death. Holy Sh*t also explains the advancement of civility and corresponding censorship of language in the 18th century, considers the rise of racial slurs after World War ...II, examines the physiological effects of swearing (increased heart rate and greater pain tolerance), and answers a question that preoccupies the FCC, the US Senate, and anyone who has recently overheard little kids at a playground: are we swearing more now than people did in the past?"--Amazon.

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Subjects
Published
Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press c2013.
Language
English
Main Author
Melissa Mohr (-)
Physical Description
x, 316 p. : ill. ; 22 cm
Bibliography
Includes bibliographical references (p. 259-306).
ISBN
9780199742677
  • Acknowledgments
  • Introduction
  • 1. To Speak with Roman Plainness: Ancient Rome
  • 2. On Earth as It Is in Heaven: The Bible
  • 3. Swearing God to Pieces: The Middle Ages
  • 4. The Rise of Obscenity: The Renaissance
  • 5. The Age of Euphemism: The Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
  • 6. "Fuck 'Em All": Swearing in the Twentieth Century and Beyond
  • Epilogue
  • Notes
  • Credits
  • Index
Review by Choice Review

Beginning with Rome, Mohr (an independent scholar with a PhD in Renaissance literature) chronicles recurring trends in the use of sacred ("holy") and profane ("sh*t," as the cover has it) language in English. Swearing here comprises both the swearing of oaths as a guarantor of good faith and the uttering of socially shocking words to release emotions and add emphasis. Mohr's thesis is that during certain periods swearing was dominated by either the sacred or the profane, and she suggests that modern swearing has added the new category of racial epithets to the repertoire. In support of this, she presents the reader with countless references drawn from literary works of every genre, ranging from the Bible, Shakespeare, and The Canterbury Tales to transcripts of obscure local court cases and restroom graffiti. The study becomes a roller-coaster-ride literary history of dirty language, with marginal references to linguistic analyses of the phenomenon. The author is inconsistent in her classifications of swearing and obscenity, and this reviewer found the torrent of literary references unbearable at times. There is no works cited, but endnotes provide sources. The book is filled with fascinating trivia and can be entertaining, but some may find the book more irritating than enlightening. Summing Up: Optional. General readers only. S. A. Dooley University of Texas at Brownsville

Copyright American Library Association, used with permission.
Review by Publisher's Weekly Review

"For more than two thousand years, swearing has alternated between the twin poles of oaths and obscenities," Mohr writes in the introduction to her study on swearing. Approaching the subject from a variety of angles-linguistic, historical, sociological, and even physiological (swearwords can help us endure pain and even increase heart rate)-Mohr gives readers a remarkably well-researched report on the little words that can mean so much. Beginning with the Greeks and Romans, the author works her way forward, artfully separating the vulgar and blasphemous ("by God's bones" was one of the most offensive phrases uttered in the Middle Ages) from the more modern concept of "fighting words" (of which the "n" word is arguably the most inflammatory, according to Mohr), noting the more popular applications and meanings from antiquity to today. Unfortunately, her focus on historical accuracy comes at the cost of readability, as the intricacies of various terms (the bulk of which revolve around bodily functions) become tedious. Digressions on the art of equivocation and the etymology of some of the most infamous curses are highlights of the book, but those looking for a Devil's Dictionary of bad language should look elsewhere-this is some serious sh*t. 17 b&w images. Agency: Veritas Literary Agency. (May) (c) Copyright PWxyz, LLC. All rights reserved.

(c) Copyright PWxyz, LLC. All rights reserved
Review by Library Journal Review

Renaissance scholar Mohr presents a history of cursing that is guided by humor and scholarship. She begins by examining pillars of Western civilization, namely Ancient Rome and the Bible. The remaining four chapters and epilog proceed chronologically from the Middle Ages to the present day. Each chapter highlights words most offensive for that period and provides the etymology and historical context. For example, the author compares translations of the Bible, noting intriguing choices between euphemisms (indirect references) and more common terms (the latter often won). Mohr further explains how the progression of 18th-century culture corresponded with the censorship of language and how racial slurs emerged following World War II. She investigates the body's response to swearing (e.g., faster heart rate and higher pain tolerance) and also considers the legal hurdles that James Joyce's Ulysses confronted over the novel's explicit language. Mohr's breadth of knowledge distinguishes this book from others like Peter Silverton's Filthy English or Tom McEnery's Swearing in English. Lacking is a select bibliography. VERDICT Recommended for serious language lovers and history buffs.-Marianne Orme, Des Plaines P.L., IL (c) Copyright 2013. Library Journals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Media Source, Inc. No redistribution permitted.

(c) Copyright Library Journals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Media Source, Inc. No redistribution permitted.
Review by Kirkus Book Review

A scholar in Renaissance literature debuts with a chronicle of cursing, from the Romans to R-rated movies. In an account that's a bit textually schizophrenic--the tone and diction range from barroom bawdy to scholarly costiveness--Mohr moves through the centuries in her racy account of how we swear and why. She identifies two major domains of dirty: the Holy and the Shit (the sacred and the secular, the spirit and the body) and shows how each has at times been in the ascendancy. To the Romans and Victorians (the latter thought the body was an embarrassment), words about body parts and functions were highly offensive. Mohr notes that the Victorian Age was also the age of euphemism. But earlier, in the Middle Ages, the more offensive oaths ("the equivalent of modern obscenity") were religious in nature. Swearing by God's body parts--"by God's nails"--alarmed authorities. During the Renaissance, obscenity spread, but playwrights (she uses Shakespeare as an example) employed wordplay, jokes and innuendo. Mohr notes that the Bard of Avon "never employs a primary obscenity." Moving on, she notes that the world wars greatly affected the vernacular, and soon, literature and the other arts were finding ways to accommodate the new, crustier diction. (She reminds us of the "fug" Mailer had to use in The Naked and the Dead.) Mohr then summarizes the obscenity cases of Ulysses and Lady Chatterley's Lover and discusses George Carlin, Tourette's and the scholarly interest in swearing. She confesses that she found it more difficult to write about racial and ethnic slurs than she did about more conventional cursing. Throughout, she lists many naughty words that readers will greatly enjoy learning more about. Friskier diction would have helped at times, but the book is generally informed, enlightening and often delightfully surprising.]] Copyright Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.

Copyright (c) Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.