The genome odyssey Medical mysteries and the incredible quest to solve them

Euan A. Ashley

Book - 2021

"In The Genome Odyssey, Dr. Euan Ashley, Stanford professor of medicine and genetics, brings the breakthroughs of precision medicine to vivid life through the real diagnostic journeys of his patients and the tireless efforts of his fellow doctors and scientists as they hunt to prevent, predict, and beat disease. Since the Human Genome Project was completed in 2003, the price of genome sequencing has dropped at a staggering rate. It's as if the price of a Ferrari went from $350,000 to a mere forty cents. Through breakthroughs made by Dr. Ashley's team at Stanford and other dedicated groups around the world, analyzing the human genome has decreased from a heroic multibillion dollar effort to a single clinical test costing less ...than $1,000. For the first time we have within our grasp the ability to predict our genetic future, to diagnose and prevent disease before it begins, and to decode what it really means to be human. In The Genome Odyssey, Dr. Ashley details the medicine behind genome sequencing with clarity and accessibility. More than that, with passion for his subject and compassion for his patients, he introduces readers to the dynamic group of researchers and doctor detectives who hunt for answers, and to the pioneering patients who open up their lives to the medical community during their search for diagnoses and cures. He describes how he led the team that was the first to analyze and interpret a complete human genome, how they broke genome speed records to diagnose and treat a newborn baby girl whose heart stopped five times on the first day of her life, and how they found a boy with tumors growing inside his heart and traced the cause to a missing piece of his genome. These patients inspire Dr. Ashley and his team as they work to expand the boundaries of our medical capabilities and to envision a future where genome sequencing is available for all, where medicine can be tailored to treat specific diseases and to decode pathogens like viruses at the genomic level, and where our medical system as we know it has been completely revolutionized"--

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Subjects
Published
New York : Celadon Books 2021.
Language
English
Main Author
Euan A. Ashley (author)
Edition
First edition
Physical Description
xvi, 380 pages ; 25 cm
Bibliography
Includes bibliographical references (pages [337]-368) and index.
ISBN
9781250234995
  • Preface
  • Part 1. The Early Genomes
  • 1. Patient Zero
  • 2. Team of Teams
  • 3. Once Removed
  • 4. Genome Illumination
  • 5. First Family
  • 6. Buffalo Buffalo Buffalo
  • 7. Starting Up, Reaching Out
  • Part II. Disease Detectives
  • 8. Undiagnosed
  • 9. The Luck of the Irish
  • 10. Next-Day Delivery
  • 11. Hoofbeats in Central Park
  • Part III. Affairs of the Heart
  • 12. Whisky à Go-Go
  • 13. How Many Genomes Are You?
  • 14. Shake, Rattle, and Roll
  • 15. River of the Land of Pine Trees
  • 16. Songs in the Key of Life
  • Part IV. Precisely Accurate Medicine
  • 17. Superhumans
  • 18. Precision Medicine
  • 19. Genome Surgery
  • 20. The Road Ahead
  • Acknowledgments
  • Notes
  • Index
Review by Booklist Review

The potential of genomic medicine for predicting diseases prior to their manifestation and precisely intervening to modify or eradicate them is astounding. In his examination of the burgeoning field of gene-based medical care (testing, diagnosis, counseling, and treatment), cardiologist Ashley acquaints readers with inspirational patients suffering from inherited heart diseases, his colleagues, and researchers. While the science is impressive and the health-care team devoted, the patients are the heroes. Most are children and young adults with rare genetic conditions, including metabolic disorders, heart rhythm disturbances, cardiac tumors, and the abnormal enlargement of heart muscle. Ashley labels the patients' plight a "medical odyssey," given their emotional journey of uncertainty and self-doubt, isolation and suffering. The "doctor detectives" treating them often rely on faint clues and powers of observation rivaling the acumen of Sherlock Holmes, but their efforts are ultimately bolstered by the enormous data generated by gene sequencing. Ashely discusses the NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Network, pharmacogenomics, superhuman mutations, precision medicine, and a molecular autopsy of heart tissue, offering a peek at the promise of genetic therapy now and in the near future.

From Booklist, Copyright (c) American Library Association. Used with permission.
Review by Publisher's Weekly Review

Ashley, Professor of medicine and genetics at Stanford, debuts with a surprisingly moving take on the history and potential of genome squencing. He opens by musing on how wonderful it would be "if your doctor could actually peer into your genome and choose the medication and dose that was right for you." Using stories of his patients "whose care has been transformed by knowledge of their genome," and describing scientific teams he has led, Ashley breaks down the history of developments in medicine involving the genome, bringing it up to the present. Along the way, he explains DNA sequencing, basic genetics, and biochemistry. Stories of his patients bring the science to life, such as one about a baby born in 2014 whose heart stopped the day she was born; genome sequencing allowed the doctors to identify the cause of her condition and save her life. The concern he shows for his patients and the camaraderie he shares with his collaborators--among them coworker Stephen Quake, "the first patient in the world to walk into a doctor's office for a checkup with his genome"--is touching. By providing insight into the people undertaking this critical work, Ashley has created a study that is at once personal and informative. Agent: Mary Evans, Mary Evans Inc. (Feb.)

(c) Copyright PWxyz, LLC. All rights reserved
Review by Library Journal Review

Over the past decade, the field of genomics has revolutionized the practice of medicine, and the treatment of genetic diseases in particular. Sequencing part or all of a patient's genome can give doctors the ability to pinpoint the causes of disease and offer targeted, personalized treatments. Ashley has been on the front lines of this revolution at his clinic for genetic cardiac diseases at Stanford. Here, he provides an overview of the rapid changes in technology that have made genomic advances possible, and introduces readers to some of the major players in the collaborative effort by scientists and doctors around the world to investigate genetic disease. The author also addresses some of the main ethical, psychological, and financial repercussions of genomic medicine and is refreshingly willing to admit that doctors don't have all the answers yet. While Ashley highlights several emotional and moving stories of patients, the title's primary focus is on the scientific aspect of genetic medical treatment. Readers seeking up-to-date information on genomic science and technology will be richly rewarded. VERDICT This engaging, accessible book will appeal to anyone interested in medical ethics, genetic disease, and the use of cutting-edge science and technology within the field of medicine. Recommended for all libraries.--Kelsy Peterson, Forest Hill Coll., Melbourne, Australia

(c) Copyright Library Journals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Media Source, Inc. No redistribution permitted.
Review by Kirkus Book Review

An enthusiastic report on the state of the field of genomics. Observers predicted miracles following the discovery of the genetic code in the 1950s, genetic engineering in the 1980s, and sequencing the human genome in 2003. Now, we are beginning to reap the rewards of that work. Cardiologist Ashley, professor of medicine and genetics at Stanford, makes a convincing case that the floodgates are opening. From several billion dollars in 2003, the cost of sequencing an individual genome has dropped to under $1,000. "Today, a physician can order a genome almost as easily as ordering a cholesterol test," writes the author. "Health insurance companies increasingly list it as a covered benefit, acknowledging that transformative insights can emerge." Although essential, knowing the makeup of every gene is only a first step. After explaining how that was achieved, Ashley describes how he and fellow researchers are learning what each gene accomplishes (a process well along), what happens when they malfunction (some progress), and how to fix them, which is more difficult and frustrating. But there is light at the end of the tunnel, as the author offers numerous intriguing descriptions of brilliant scientists in this field and their work on individual genomes. One major advance was the 2008 establishment of the NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, which devotes government money to the research of previously unknown genetic abnormalities. Ashley goes on to describe several bizarre cases, which, after a great deal of investigation, turned out to be the result of a defective gene. These make fascinating reading, but readers may suspect that this is another expert account of a spectacular technological development that raises the possibility of curing disease…but not quite yet. The final chapters are particularly interesting, as the author describes efforts to repair defective genes that have, in the past few years, permanently improved the lives of victims of a few rare diseases, even common ones such as hemophilia. An excellent update on genomic medicine, which is finally bringing home the bacon. Copyright (c) Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.

Copyright (c) Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.